Reading to our kids from birth is incredibly important and thankfully, the importance of reading to children is not debatable. But with busy schedules, it is easy to let reading slip to the wayside, especially if our kids don’t have a natural love of books. I will be honest… there are some days that pass by and at bedtime I realize I have read very few books to Little Lion. But, I believe understanding the “why” is often good motivation to look for more ways to incorporate this habit into our day.
Reading to kids prepares them to be readers down the road. But there are a LOT of things in our lives that are important. What is it about reading that makes it important enough to take up a considerable chunk of our day? Isn’t teaching reading the responsibility of our children’s teachers? Surely, skipping our reading today isn’t that big a deal, right?
You may have heard of a phenomenon called the “word gap.” In case you haven’t, this summary from the Thirty Million Words Initiative website explains it up pretty well.
A world-famous study by researchers Betty Hart and Todd Risley (1995) found that some children heard thirty million fewer words by their 4th birthdays than others. The children who heard more words were better prepared when they entered school. These same kids, when followed into third grade, had bigger vocabularies, were stronger readers, and got higher test scores. The bottom line: the kids who started out ahead, stayed ahead; the kids who started out behind, stayed behind. This disparity in learning is referred to as the achievement gap.
Thirty MILLION words. That is a LOT of words! And it makes a huge difference in the education and eventual success of an individual.
So, let’s look at this from a learning perspective. Let’s keep things simple and assume that when students enter kindergarten they are all fluent in the language in which they are being taught (the fact that many children are not is a challenge for another discussion). Despite the fact that some have heard thirty million more words, they all have a working understanding of the language. They all can understand the teacher’s teaching. They all get appropriate education in sounding out letters, and then words, sentences, and so on. As children progress through kindergarten, first, and second grades, they gradually improve in their fluency (ability to say the words aloud at a reasonable pace) and comprehension (ability to understand the words and understand their meaning). As the text gets harder, students use the strategies they are using in school to sound out the new words. They use the context of the pictures to help figure out meaning. But for the students who have heard less words, this takes considerably more time. Slower reading means fewer words read. With a smaller vocabulary, students slowly fall farther behind their peers. This begins a cycle that is very difficult to reverse, and some studies show that children who are behind in reading in first grade are likely to remain behind.
Unfortunately, the struggles only get worse. In third grade the child encounters some pretty big challenges. First of all, third grade marks a shift in the education of the child. No longer are children learning to read. They begin reading to learn. This means that students must apply their understanding of the principles of reading learned and practiced through their early elementary years, and apply this with text about things that they may have very little previous experience.
In addition to this shift, something else happens in the reading life of a third grader. Most of the books lose an important piece which students (especially students with a limited vocabulary) have relied on for their entire reading career. The books no longer have pictures.
So imagine for a minute that you are a third grader, and you pick up a book. You come across the sentence that contains a word you don’t know. You sound out the word, and even though you aren’t completely sure what it means, your brain remembers (even if you don’t know it consciously) that when you were young, through conversation and lots of reading you have heard that word before. Even though it is a word that you have never READ before, it is a word that you have HEARD, which helps you use the context of the sentence to make meaning. The more broad your exposure to words as a young child, the more likely you will be able to make meaning from more complicated texts as you get older.
As an elementary school teacher, we gave students a daily homework assignment. It was the same every single day of the year. Read 20 minutes. Every single day. Often we got pushback from kids and parents. We have swim team! We have soccer! We just don’t have time! And I get that. Life can be crazy. But check out this chart… this is where it gets convincing for me too.
Imagine the compounded difference the charts would show if we started this 20 minute per day comparison from birth.
Most longer children’s books are written at a 3rd-4th (some even higher) reading level. That means that as your child gets older and you spend time reading to your child, you are exposing them to the very same vocabulary that they are going to encounter during those first tough years of reading to learn. And of course, this doesn’t just stop with reading. Conversation can have just as large an impact! I focus on reading mostly, because honestly a lot of these words I don’t USE in my every day conversation. Books give me an excuse to use words that I would never think to use on my own.
These are just some of the many reasons I want to read with my children. There are many more that have nothing to do with school performance! So, when I am tempted to skip the story at naptime, I try to think back to this data. We can’t be perfect, and of course there are days where we may just not have time. But it is absolutely amazing to me that such a small simple thing can make such an enormous difference in the future success of my little one, and knowing that I can make that difference definitely helps me put things into perspective.
How do you fit reading into your day?
eggplant / 11716 posts
LOVE this post!
blogger / wonderful cherry / 21616 posts
thank you for researching and posting this! I totally admit that sometimes it feels like why is it so important! but I know it is, and totally agree with this. Thank you for sharing and reminding!
wonderful pear / 26210 posts
To be honest, fitting reading into our day is somewhat of a problem…never thought I would admit that, but there it is. We’ve had to limit the before bed reading because my son loves it and will use it as a tactic to stall bedtime. Then, during the day, I am at work and my son’s in a nature focused camp where they are outside the majority of the day.
I’d love to hear some strategies on what to do to counteract this lack of books in our day!
pear / 1696 posts
This is great information! We read before every sleep time, so two naps per day and bedtime. Plus sometimes after the morning feed when LO is still calm and cuddly. So that’s gotta be at least 15 mins per day. I’m thinking this will be more challenging when LO goes to one or no naps and when LO2 shows up. Will have to remember to keep it a priority.
admin / wonderful grape / 20724 posts
@looch: A friend of mine (child psychologist) recommended that we move book reading to before bedtime, and read the books in a separate room! Then after that, transition to the bedroom for the bedtime routine… that helps kids associate their room with only sleep too.
wonderful pear / 26210 posts
@mrbee: That’s good advice and it is something we can try. Thanks so much for chiming in!
blogger / clementine / 998 posts
I wonder if there is a much greater benefit to reading different books every day instead of the same ones over and over….which is perhaps easier to do when they’re babies and can’t physically bring you the same book night after night
blogger / pomegranate / 3491 posts
We read all throughout the day – it helps me to have stacks of books all over the house. Living room, bedrooms bathrooms. Love this post!
pomegranate / 3401 posts
My LO (15 months) is super squirmy when being read to is I actually do it while she is in her high chair eating! Then she can’t escape and it entertains her while she eats.
hostess / wonderful persimmon / 25556 posts
This makes me so sad to hear: “Often we got pushback from kids and parents. We have swim team! We have soccer! We just don’t have time!” I mean, what’s more important in life – reading (and spending QT) with your kid or pushing them to be the next olympic athlete (which I’m 99% sure they won’t be).
We read every day, whenever the opportunity presents itself. Sometimes we will read during the day. On a weekend, we may cuddle in a chair and read 3 or 4 books first thing in the morning when we’re not ready to get up yet. We may sit down on the couch and pick one (or every) book off the shelf and read it. But every single day, we sit down and read 3 books before bed. Doesn’t matter what book. We always read three books. Sometimes my toddler doesn’t want to pay attention, she’s too busy pulling more books off the shelf, I don’t really mind. I read the books out loud anyways and know she’s listening. We’ve been doing that since she was 3 months old and I look forward to continuing that tradition as she gets older. We will probably just have to transition from 3 books to 3 chapters as the books get bigger and longer.
blogger / eggplant / 11551 posts
Love this post!! That is an incredible visual!! Thanks for the reminder that reading is so so important! I totally want to go to the library and get more books for the kids now.
nectarine / 2054 posts
Great post – I heard about that study, and it’s very intriguing! DS loves books. Early on we asked our nanny to keep reading to him all day (and we have a big stack of books in the living room). So sometimes when he goes about his business playing, she’ll read books to him in the background. He sometimes sits on her lap and really focuses on the books, but not always. I think it’s a great way to get more books in – it doesn’t need to be dedicated story time (though we have that too, before bed or whenever DS brings books to us to read), it can be part of playtime.
blogger / grapefruit / 4836 posts
@looch: I think a lot of people have this problem. I would say…anywhere you can! Maybe read together about the topics he is learning about at his camp (non-fiction is great!) As he gets older you could do audio books in the car. I don’t think there is a hard/fast rule to how much reading you should do…but really the goal is as much communication as possible. Talking is just as valuable, it just makes it harder on the parent to include a more broad range of vocabulary
blogger / grapefruit / 4836 posts
@Mrs. Chipmunk: I think both are equally important over the course of their childhood. Reading more books adds to the variety of vocabulary they will be exposed to, but reading books over and over teaches them to predict outcomes, and helps them solidify understanding of the vocabulary they encounter. We read the same books over and over, but I also try to check out 3-4 board books per week from the library that we throw into rotation. The ones he seems most interested in are the ones we read over and over. If he doesn’t seem to like one, we put it aside.
blogger / grapefruit / 4836 posts
@Ginabean3: That’s a great idea
I want to try that! LL is squirmy too. Sometimes I just sit in the rocking chair in his room and pick up a book, start talking about what it would be about, and then start reading. He almost always gets excited and comes over by me to listen. I don’t believe kids have to be sitting still to enjoy a story. He listens to just as many standing beside me and/or walking back and forth in front of me, or sometimes just playing with a toy.
blogger / grapefruit / 4836 posts
@mediagirl: You would not believe the things we hear. Not from all parents, but from some. I do get the difficulty some nights. Mostly I think it stems from not really understanding that it actually makes a difference. A lot of parents just don’t know…hence this post
honeydew / 7811 posts
Thank you for writing this excellent post! Sharing it with all my mom friends, husband, grandparents, etc.!
coffee bean / 44 posts
Remember to check out the summer reading program at your public library – I just signed up my LO for their birth-3 which has you read, sing, play, etc. with your child for 20 min/day. One of their special programs has kids drop off a stuffed animal for a library sleepover and at pick up the next day kids get a DVD with pictures of their friend’s overnight adventure (local version of Unagi Travel)!
kiwi / 548 posts
That is crazy. I think it helps when your child in naturally interested, but with toddlers they love routine so even though my younger child doesn’t love books, she does know when to expect reading time. Our kids get 3 books at nap time and 3 books before bedtime. Also, randomly throughout the day whenever they ask. My kids watch an extra 1/2 of TV by being home with a nanny, but they probably get at least an extra 1/2 hour of reading by being home with a nanny too.
GOLD / wonderful apricot / 22646 posts
Love this! Reading is a HUGE part of our/LO’s life!!
bananas / 9973 posts
Thank you for this post! I grew up loving to read and see the difference in vocabulary that it can make in adults! Love that visual! This makes me want to aim for reading more books to K every day!
blogger / nectarine / 2608 posts
@Mrs. Chipmunk: Not necessarily– I’ll grab the studies for you later. In the early years repetition is actually has a beneficial effect.
We read ridiculous amounts. And Ellie is in first grade and already reading at 5th grade level. I would just encourage parents to continue read-alouds way past when kids are gettting to be proficient readers– there’s a gap between read-to reading level and reading level for a pretty long time. So even though she can read chapter books, we still read to her daily. And it’s fun to use a variety of sources– we do read alouds from magazines (sometimes adult ones, like the trade magazines Mr. T gets related to the farm), newspapers, and books. Ellie still enjoys Lorelei’s books (and vice versa– though sometimes Lorelei won’t stay seated during a chapter book, which is totally fine).
Thanks for a great post, and I love your graphic that demonstrates the cumulative effect of all that reading!
blogger / persimmon / 1398 posts
Oh my… I love this post!! We’re finally integrating reading into our daily routine again (we stopped after returning home with Pint-Sized… life was just too difficult.) We’ve been reading while dinner cooks… or right after dinner. It works for both boys at that time. It’s a juggling act at bedtime since I’m often flying solo, and I find that around dinner I can give it more attention. Mini has been reading to Pint-Sized some nights even which is awesome to see.
blogger / nectarine / 2600 posts
I love reading and have the fondest memories of reading with my mom as a child so I love sharing this with my kids too
blogger / nectarine / 2010 posts
We love reading time. M reads before bed and usually before nap. We also read on the potty sometimes
blogger / cherry / 113 posts
It’s a little weird still reading to a 3-week-old, but the research you did totally cements how important it is. I’ve been trying to read aloud some of the books that I’m currently reading along with cute picture books.
guest
I read to my kids before bed and pretty much every time they bring me a book. But I don’t think we come close to the number of words you describe simply because reading to toddlers looks like this: read a page, toddler points to something, we talk about it, do something silly, skip eight pages, kiss the book, go back two pages, slam the book close, throw it across the room and shout “all done.”